I guess. <shrug> For TMPGEng Xpress, when I drop an mpeg-2 (or .avs file) into the source window, it pops up a dialog box telling me what type of stream it is. It's important because if it thinks it interlaced, it will deinterlance itself. I don't know how it gets this info--I'm the newbie here ;)--but if I open up my original, it guesses right (interlaced, TTF), and if I open up a known progressive stream, it guesses right. If I open up a KernelBob'ed stream, it guesses right. So I guess you are just saying to ignore TMPGEng's guess and set it to progressive manually? (There's the option to do that, BTW.) Remember, since my goal is to produce a progressive mpeg-2 to burn to DVD, I have to set the output to progressive mode. Since AviSynth is already deinterlacing the original mpeg-2, having TMPGEng deinterlace it again seems odd to me, particularly when it shouldn't be possible to deinterlace something twice. (I know it does something if I leave the input setting to "interlaced" because it takes longer to encode.) Also, if I open up the avs scripts in VirtualDub, the frame count is doubled for the LeakKernelBob() stream. (I guess that is just the "bobbing"--I stress again that I'm a newbie, so forgive my ignorance. So I guess my next question is should I use LeakKernelBob() or just LeakKernelDeint() if my only goal is to convert my original interlaced mpeg-2 to a progressive mpeg-2? (Again, disregard the ramification of the loss in color quality. THis is just to test picture definition when viewed on my progressive input TV.)